5 References

Blouin, Baptiste. “Extraction d’événements à partir de fac-similés de documents anciens pour les études en histoire.” PhD Thesis in Computing, Aix-Marseille, 2022. https://www.theses.fr/s348693.

Blouin, Baptiste, Pierre Magistry, and Nora Van Den Bosch. “Creating Biographical Networks from Chinese and English Wikipedia.” Journal of Historical Network Research, Beyond Guanxi: Chinese Historical Networks, 5, no. 1 (September 8, 2021). https://doi.org/10.25517/JHNR.V5I1.120.

Bieler, Stacey. “Patriots” or “Traitors”?: A History of American-Educated Chinese Students. New York: Routledge, 2003.

Campbell, Cameron, and James Lee. “Historical Chinese Microdata. 40 Years of Dataset Construction by the Lee-Campbell Research Group.” Historical Life Course Studies, September 10, 2020.

Jiang Yongzhen 江勇振. Chu cai jin yu: Zhongguo liumei xuesheng 楚材晉育: 中國留美學生, 1872-1931 [Chinese Students in the United States, 1872-1931]. Xinbei Shi 新北市: Lianjing chuban shiye gufen youxian gongsi 聯經出版事業股份有限公司, 2022.

La Fargue, Thomas E. China’s First Hundred: Educational Mission Students in the United States, 1872-1881. Pullman: State college of Washington, 1942.

Liang Chen 梁晨, Ren Yunzhu 任韵竹, and Li Zhongqing 李中清. Qi Shanlin Zhe: Zhongguo Xiandai Zhishi Jieceng Xingcheng Yu Tezheng Yanjiu 启山林者： 中国现代知识阶层形成与特征研究 1912-1952 [The Formation and Characteristics of the Modern Chinese Intellectual Class]. Beijing Shi 北京市: Zhongguoshehui kexueyuan wenxian chubanshe中国社会科学院文献出版社, 2020.

Rhoads, Edward J. M. Stepping Forth into the World: The Chinese Educational Mission to the United States, 1872-81. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2011.

Wang, Y.C. Chinese Intellectuals and the West, 1872-1949. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1966.

Ye, Weili. Seeking Modernity in China’s Name: Chinese Students in the United States, 1900-1927. Stanford: Stanford Univ. Press, 2001.

5.1 Sources

5.1.1 Students’ directories

China Institute in America. Theses and Dissertations by Chinese Students in America. China Institute in America, 1931.

———. Youmei Zhongguo Tongren Lu 旅美中國同人録 [Directory of Chinese University Graduates & Students in America]. New York: Committee on Wartime Planning For Chinese Students in the United States, 1944.

———. Directory of Chinese Students in Colleges and Universities in the United States, 1951-1952. New York: China Institute in America, 1952.

Chinese Students’ Alliance in the United States of America. Directory of the Chinese Students in the United States. New York: Chinese Students Handbook Co, 1912, 1914 [2 vols].

Chinese Students’ Alliance in the United States of America. Who’s Who of the Chinese Students in America. Lederer: Street & Zeus Company, 1921.

Chinese Students’ Alliance in the United States of America. The Handbook of Chinese Students in U.S.A. New York City: Chinese Students Handbook Co., 1929-1934 [6 vols].

Qinghua daxue 清華大學. Qinghua Tongxue Lu 清華同學錄. Beiping 北平: Qinghua daxue xiaozhang bangong chu 清華大學校長辦公處, 1937.

Chinese Students’ Christian Association in North America. Directory of Chinese Students in America. New York: Chinese Students’ Christian Association in North America, 1900.

Chinese Students’ Christian Association in North America. Directory of Chinese Students in America. New York: Chinese Students’ Christian Association in North America, 1935.

American University Club of Shanghai. American University Men in China. Shanghai: Comacrib Press, 1936.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Chinese Students Directory: For the Past Fifty Years. Cambridge Mass.: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1931.

Su Yunfeng 蘇雲峰, ed. Qinghua Daxue Shisheng Minglu Ziliao Huibian, 1927-1949 清華大學師生名錄資料彙編 (1927-1949). Taibei Shi: Zhongyang yanjiuyuan jindaishi yanjiu suo 中央硏究院近代史硏究所, 2004.

Tsing Hua College 淸華大學. Who’s Who of American Returned Students 遊美同學錄 [Youmei Tongxue Lu]. Peking: Tsing Hua College, 1917.

Wang Qian 王强, ed. Jindai Tongxue Lu 近代同學錄. Nanjing: Fenghuang chubanshe 鳳凰出版社, 2013.

Yuan, Tong-li. A Guide to Doctoral Dissertations by Chinese Students in America, 1905-1960. Washington: Sino-American Cultural Society, 1961.

Ziyuan Weiyuanhui 資源委員會 [National Resources Commission]. Zhongguo Gongchengren Minglu 中國工程人名錄 [Who’s Who of Chinese Engineers]. Beijing: Shangwu Yinshuguan 商務印書館, 1941.

5.1.2 Students’ journals

China Institute of America. China and America: A Chronicle of Cultural Relations 華美協進 [Huamei Jixie]. New York: China Institute of America, 1948-1949.

Chinese Students’ Alliance in the United States of America. Liumei xuesheng jibao 留美學生季報 [Chinese Students’ Quarterly]. Shanghai: Zhonghua shuju 中華書局, 1914-1928.

Chinese Students’ Christian Association in North America. The Chinese Students’ Christian Journal. New York: Chinese Students’ Christian Association in North America, 1910-1921.

Chinese Students’ Christian Association in North America. Liumei tsingnien 留美青年: The journal of the Chinese Students’ Christian Association in North America. New York: Chinese Students’ Christian Association in North America, 1914-1928.

Chinese Students’ Christian Association in North America. The Chinese Students’ Christian Association Year Book. New York, N.Y.: Chinese Student Christian Association in North America, 1922-3, 1927-8 [2 vols]

Chinese Students’ Alliance. Chinese Students’ Monthly. New York: Chinese Students’ Alliance, 1904-1931.

Chinese Students’ Alliance in the United States of America. Liumei xuesheng jibao 留美學生季報 [Chinese Students’ Quarterly]. Shanghai: Zhonghua shuju 中華書局, 1914-1928.

World’s Chinese Students’ Federation. The World’s Chinese Students’ Journal. Shanghai: World’s Chinese Students’ Federation, 1906-1913.

5.1.3 General periodicals (Modern China Textbase)

Chinese:

• Shenbao 申報 (1872-1949)
• Dongfang zazhi 東方雜誌 [Eastern Miscellany] (1904-1948)

English (ProQuest Collection of Chinese Newspapers):

• China Press (1923-1950)
• Millard’s Review of the Far East/China Weekly Review (1919-1950)
• North-China Herald & Daily News (1850-1951)
• South China Morning Post (1903-2001)

5.1.4 Surveys

Yieh, Tsung-kao. “The Adjustment Problems of Chinese Graduate Students in American Universities”, Ph.D, University of Chicago, 1934. http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00098522.

Mei Yiqi. A Survey of Chinese Students in American Universities and Colleges in the Past One Hundred Years in Commemoration of the One Hundredth Anniversary of the Graduation of the First Chinese from an American University, Yung Wing, B.A. Yale 1854. New York: China Institute, 1954.

Meng Zhi, Paul. “The American Returned Students of China.” Pacific Affairs 4, no. 1 (1931): 1–16.

5.1.5 Diaries & Memoirs (selection)

Chu, Jennings Pinkwei. Chinese Students in America: Qualities Associated with Their Success. New York: Teachers’ College, Columbia University, 1922.

Gao Zunlu. Zhongguo Liumei Youtong Shuxinji 中国留美幼童书信集 [A Collection of Letters from Young Chinese Students in America]. Taipei: Zhuanji wenxue chubanshe, 1986.

Meng, Zhi. Chinese American Understanding: A Sixty-Year Search. New York, N.Y.: China Institute in America, 1981.

Yung Wing. My Life In China And America. New York: Henry Holt And Company, 1909.

5.1.6 Archival materials

China

• Second Historical Archives 中国第二历史档 (Zhongguo dier lishi dang), Nanjing, esp. China Foundation for the Promotion of Education and Culture (CFPEC) (Zhonghua kexue xiejin hui)
• Qinghua University, Beijing
• Nankai University, Tianjin

Taiwan

• Academia Storica 國史館 [Guoshiguan], Taipei: esp. China Foundation for the Promotion of Education and Culture (CFPEC) (Zhonghua kexue xiejin hui)
• Academic Sinica 經濟部門 (jingjibumen), Institute of Modern History, 近史所檔案館 (Jinshisuo danganguan), esp. Archives of the China Foundation (CFPEC)

United States

• Columbia University (Chinese Oral History and Papers, C. V. Starr East Asia Library), New York
• Cornell University Libraries & Archives, Ithaca, NY
• Harvard-Yenching Library, Cambridge, MA
• Hoover Institution Archives & Library, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
• Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Archives & Special Collection
• National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), College Park, Maryland
• Rockefeller Archive Center, Tarrytown, NY
• Rotary International Archives, Evanston, Ill.

5.2 Online resources

Institute of Modern History, Academia Sinica 中央研究院近代史研究所 [Zhongyang yanjiuyuan jindaishi yanjiu suo]. “The Integrated Information System on Modern and Contemporary Characters (IISMCC) 近現代⼈人物資訊整合系統[jin xiandai ren renwu zixun zhenghe xitong].” Accessed August 12, 2021. http://mhdb.mh.sinica.edu.tw/mhpeople/index.php.

Chinese Historical Society of New England. “150 Years of Chinese Students in America Initiative,” January 26, 2022. https://www.chsne.org/150-years-of-chinese-students-in-america-initiative/.

“CEM Connections - HOME,” October 4, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161004204314/http://www.cemconnections.org/index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=1.

China Comes To MIT. “China Comes to MIT. MIT’s First Chinese Students 早期中国留学生 (Zaoqi Zhongguo Liuxuesheng): 1877-1931.” Accessed March 26, 2019. http://chinacomestomit.org/.

“China Comes to Tech: 1877-1931 | Earlychinesemit.” Accessed January 21, 2023. https://earlychinesemit.mit.edu/.

“Chinese Students - From the Archives.” Accessed January 21, 2023. https://willistonblogs.com/archives/tag/chinese-students/.

“Chinese Students At Andover.” Accessed January 21, 2023. https://chinesestudents.andover.edu/. justinh. “Yale and China: A Centuries-Old Partnership.” Text, February 27, 2018. https://world.yale.edu/news/yale-and-china-centuries-old-partnership-0.

McKenna, Neal. “The University of Michigan and China 1845-Today.” Maize Books, 2017. https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.9818289.

“Thomas La Fargue Collection, 1872-1954 - Washington State University Libraries Digital Collections.” Accessed January 21, 2023. https://content.libraries.wsu.edu/digital/collection/5983.

“Tsing-Hua Project, 1915-1947 | Purdue University Archives and Special Collections Repository.” Accessed January 21, 2023. https://archivesdev.lib.purdue.edu/repositories/2/archival_objects/10128.

Zhongyang yanjiuyuan jindaishi yanjiu suo 中央硏究院近代史硏究所. “近現代人物資訊整合系統.” Accessed January 20, 2023. https://mhdb.mh.sinica.edu.tw/mhpeople/about.php.

5.3 Datasets

Armand, Cécile. “American University Men of China (1936).” Zenodo, October 14, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5569500.

——— “List of Chinese Rotarians in Shanghai.” Zenodo, November 21, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283499.

———. “Chinese Educational Mission Dataset (1872-1881).” Zenodo, January 21, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7557123.

———. “Who’s Who of American Returned Students 遊美同學錄 (1917): Kinship Data.” Zenodo, January 21, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7557224.

———. “Who’s Who of American Returned Students 遊美同學錄 (1917): Vital Data.” Zenodo, January 21, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7557153.

Cécile Armand, Baptiste Blouin, Guo Weiting, Christian Henriot, Hu Yi-fan, and Nora Van Den Bosch, “Modern China Biographical Database (MCBD): Design Manual”, February, 2021. https://bookdown.enpchina.eu/mcbd_usermanual/Design-Manual.html

“China Government Employee Dataset – Republic of China (CGED-ROC) – Lee-Campbell Research Group.” Accessed August 12, 2021. https://www.shss.ust.hk/lee-campbell-group/projects/china-government-employee-dataset-republic-of-china-cged-roc/

“China Professional Occupation Datasets (CPOD) – Lee-Campbell Research Group.” Accessed August 12, 2021. https://www.shss.ust.hk/lee-campbell-group/projects/china-professional-occupation-database-cpod/.

“China University Student Dataset (CUSD) Project – Lee-Campbell Research Group.” Accessed August 12, 2021. https://www.shss.ust.hk/lee-campbell-group/projects/china-university-student-dataset-cusd-project/.

“Chinese Engineers Relational Database (CERD) - Leipzig University.” Accessed August 12, 2021. https://home.uni-leipzig.de/cerd/.